Why are roots more important than other organs?
Perhaps here lies something akin to the brain of the tree. They can learn, and therefore accumulate experience, so somewhere in the organism there must be a corresponding place for this. We don't know where it is, however, roots would be best suited for this purpose. Firstly, the underground part of the tree, being the first to sprout from the seed, is the most long-lasting – where else to store important information for a long time? Secondly, until now, it was considered indisputable that any activity is regulated chemically. Humans also have many processes regulated chemically – through neurotransmitters. Roots absorb substances, transport them further, conduct photosynthesis products back to their fungal partners, and even transmit signaling substances to neighboring trees. In our understanding, this requires neuronal processes, that is, not only signaling substances but also electrical currents. And it is precisely such currents that have been measurable since the 19th century. At the tip of the root, there are structures resembling a brain. Along with signal conductors, there are separate structures and molecules here, similar to those found in animals. When the root feels the soil ahead, it can perceive irritations. Researchers measure electrical signals processed by roots in the contact zone, leading to behavioral changes. When roots encounter toxic substances, impermeable rocks, or overly moist soil patches, they analyze the situation and make necessary adjustments to the growth zone. After that, it changes direction and sends shoots around the critical soil area. Can we see here, among other things, signs of intelligence, memory capacity, or emotions?
Wouldn't this understanding blur the boundaries between plants and animals? The division into "plants" and "animals" is arbitrary anyway; it was made based on the type of nutrition: the former carry out photosynthesis, the latter consume living organisms. Ultimately, serious differences only concern the time it takes to process and transform information into action. This creates a significant gap in understanding between us, and thus in empathy. And due to long observations by humanity, enough information has been accumulated to indisputably establish how similar they are to animals.
Urban trees, often compared to the homeless children of the forest, struggle to survive in urban landscapes. Their roots, confined to compacted soil and infrastructure, often lead to conflicts with underground utilities, resulting in disturbances such as street flooding. Experts are resorting to analyzing root samples to identify the culprits. For an excursion to the fabulous under-the-sidewalk land, the culprit will be punished with death - he will be cut down, and his successor will receive a preventive measure in the form of a built-in fence that prevents the growth of roots.